The current risk weighted bank capital requirements: A Maginot Line

My Twitter thread:

What if generals concentrate too much on the immediate risk sergeants perceive?

I ask because regulators now concentrate too much of their bank capital requirements on the risk perceived by credit rating agencies and bankers.

The result? A false sense of security. A Maginot Line.

Any risk, even if perfectly perceived, if excessively considered, causes the wrong action.

With bankers adjusting for risk with interest rates, and regulators with bank capital requirements, there will be dangerously much “safety” and dangerously little risk-taking.

Too much safety? 

The excessive bank exposures and the assets bubbles that can become dangerous for bank systems and the economy, are always built-up with assets perceived (or decreed) as safe, never ever with assets perceived as risky.

Too little risk taking? 

Risk taking is the oxygen of any development

If e.g., residential mortgages are favored much more than bank loans to small businesses and entrepreneurs, we will end up with too expensive houses and too little job income for food, utilities… and mortgages

What if the generals took much more care of the needs of their headquarters, than those of the soldiers in the battlefield?

I ask because the regulators who, for bank capital requirements, have decreed risk-weights of 0% the government and 100% the citizens, are doing just that.

What if armies don’t arm during peace?

I ask because when times are good, is when banks should buildup capital

The risk weighted bank capital requirements, do the opposite

So, when times turn bad, our banks will stand there naked, just when we need them the most

Good Job! 😡

Regulators, the Basel Committee for Banking Supervision, imposed bank capital requirements based mostly on perceived risks, not on misperceived risks or on unexpected events e.g., a pandemic or a war. 

Oh, if only they had taken time off to play some war games before doing so.

PS. Not the first time I've mentioned the Maginot Line

My brevissimus criticism lecture on the Basel Committee’s bank regulations

Students. 

Let’s refer to two types of bank assets, those perceived as safe, e.g., government debt and residential mortgages; and those perceived as risky, e.g., loans to small businesses and entrepreneurs.

Let’s also assume all these assets, whether the Safe or the Risky, are offering perfect risk adjusted interest rates.

Before the Basel Committee regulations, the banks, with a general look to the safety of their whole portfolio, would have given all of these assets, whether safe or risky, a quite similar consideration.

But, when the Basel Committee imposed risk weighted bank capital requirements, more capital/equity for what’s perceived as risky than for what’s perceived (or decreed) as safe, that all changed.

Because banks can now leverage their capital/equity much more with what’s “safe”, the risk adjusted interest rates offered by the Safe, produce them higher risk adjusted returns on their equity, than the risk adjusted interest rates offered by the Risky.

That dramatically distorted the allocation of bank credit. 

The Safe now get too much credit, often at rates lower than what their correct risk adjusted interest rate would demand. As a consequence, excessive bank exposures are construed, turning the Safe effectively into risky and very dangerous to the stability of bank systems. (Have you ever heard of a dangerous asset bubble built-up with assets perceived as risky?)

The Risky now get too little credit and, whatever they get, is at interest rates higher than what their correct risk adjusted interest rates would merit. As a consequence, the Risky become riskier, and too little risk-taking, the oxygen of all development, takes place, something which, of course, weakens the economy.

Why would regulators do this? As Paul Volcker (valiantly) confessed “The assets assigned the lowest risk, for which bank capital requirements were therefore low or nonexistent, were those that had the most political support: sovereign credits and home mortgages”

Students, one big problem is that the Academia seem not to care one iota about it, so this might have been your only chance to hear this explanation. 

Why should you care? Having banks give much priority to refinancing the safer present than financing the riskier future, cannot be in your best interests.